This module will cover more advanced topics in survival analysis, with an emphasis on applications in observational studies. Knowledge of material in the “Introduction to Survival Analysis” module will be assumed. We will introduce methods suitable for examining the adjusted association between an explanatory variable and a censored event-data outcome. We will cover the important choice of the time scale for the analysis, and we will discuss how to make appropriate inferences when there are competing risks. We will cover time-dependent covariates and time-dependent stratification in a Cox regression model, including assumptions made by and effects of various covariate adjustment methods. The course will focus on application and understanding the concepts; mathematical details will be kept to a minimum.